Internal-combustion engine.



P. B. BRBMERMAN. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB.71912.

Patented Nov. 18, 1913.

2 SHBBTS-SHTBT l I. B. BREMERMAN.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 7. 1912. 1,078,99 1. Patented Nov. 18,1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.'

fan/Mh 35e/'weerman fil,

FRANKLIN B. BREMERli/IAN, 07F

INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 18.,` 1 91'3.

Application led February 7, 1912, Serial No. 678,010.

To all whom it may 'concern Be it known that l', FRANKLIN B. BREM- ErcM-An, a citizen of the United States, residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion und, State of Indiana, have invented a new and useful Internal-Combustion Engine, ot'rwhich the following is u speoiiczb tion.

It is the object of my invention to control the inlet and exhaust 'of engines by meains whioh is posiiiie. accurate and quiet in operation., und which at the same time is comparatively" simple and inexpensive in construction.

The various 'novel features of my invention. 'will appear .from the description and drnwings, und will be particularly pointed ont in the alain ln the drawings, Figure L is a partial longitudinal vertical section through a four cylinder internal combustion engine embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is n section on. line 2---Q n'' Fig. l; :1nd Figs. 3A0, inelusive7 are diagrams showing the position of the various parts at different points in the cycle of operation.

The engine illustrated has four cylinders A, B, C. and l). llnch cylinder hns s main louter cylinder easing 1() provided with n water jacket 1t having the usual water inlet 1Q :ind Water exhaust 13, The head 11 of euch cylinder is depressed.y and is provided at the renter with av spurl( plug 1.7. Fitting within the casing 10 of each cylinder ure two ciwunierentinlly recipro` crible. concentric sleeves 16 und 17, and tilting within the inner sleeve 1'.7 is n sliding piston 18 connected hy u pitinnn 19 to nl common frnnk shaft Q0. The npper end4 of the two sleeves .16 and 17 oxtend into an unnulnr sputo or chamber 21 between the using 16 and the depressed hond 14. und the upper engl ol the inner sleeve )7 hns u, flange E12 extending over r thiI upper end of the sleeve 16. The upper end of the sleeve '[6 engages the under side of' the thingie 22, and the upper vnd of the .slrevr 1T engages the upper end of the ohamhor 21. on frnslo-oonicul surfaces, so that the joints, iwtwoi ufh surfaces muy readily he ggrounzl. 'lo .filitfit-n this grinding, the Nitin-rnv pppn) ends of the two sleeves un" lletffuefi siig'ln so zii-.it There will he no :Thorp f'r` 'like shows 16 und nir nein' their npper ends. i

are located,y but to reduce friction may be spaced apart slightly below such ports; and the outer sleeve may be split, ii desired, to allow for the expansion due to u nequal:

heating. The inner sleeve 17 is prelieraibl provided with a contracting ring 23 whic: engages the Wall of the chamber 21 formed by the cylindrical surface of the depressed cylinder head 11, and the outer sleeve 16 is provided' with two expanding rin s 24 beaming against the inner surfaces of the casing 10 above and below the. ports referred to. The sleeves 16 and 17 are held in place by up wnrdly spring-pressed plates 25 carried by cross bars 25 of the engine frame 26 and slidingly homing against the lower edges 27 of' the sleeves 16 and 17, and may be oiled through a pipe Q9, preferably suppliedi from a forced feed oiler.

The ports referred to are the intake and exhaust. ports of the engine. "Euch cylinder casing: 10 has an intake port 30 and am exhaust port 31, which coperate respectively with intake ports 32 and 38 and exhaust ports 34 and 35 in the outer and inner sleeves I6 and 17 respectively. The intake amd exhaust ports 30 and 31 are connected by the usual pipes 3.0 and 31 to the carbureter andninlller, which need no explanation here.

By moving the two sleeves 16 and 17 relntivrly to cach other and to the casing, the cooperating ports in such sleeves und casing muy he mudo to register to admit theexplosive mixture and discharge `the burnt guses at the proper times. 'llo obtain this movement, the crunk shaft 20 is provided wihh n spiral gear 41 which meshes with two .spiral gears 42 and 43 mounted on vertical shafts 44 und 45. ln n four cycle engine, ysuoli ns illustrated, the geni-s 42 und l?, have twice the pitt-h diuniotol' of (he geni' 41. .\t their upper ends the shafts i4 und/l5 curry rrnnl-f arms 46 and 47, one of which, suy 46, is 90 behind the other in i'ointion. The eccentric pins 48 :1nd 49 of these crank arms engage cross slots .'iOlnnd 51 in longitudinally recipror'nhle rods 59 :ixid 53. These reciprornble rods slide backward und forward purullel to the ornnk Ishaft 20, und nre pro vided with racks 54 und 55 for euch cylinder of the engine. The sleeves 16 and 17 are pr vided :it their lower ends with gear segments 56 and 57 respectively. The lgear segmenti 56 of cylinders A und D and the geur .segr-,ments ."T of cylinders B and C mesh withy the nicks 54 of the rod 52, the other gear '1n the gaine manner, and .likewise the inner segments of the several cylinders meshing with the racks 55 0f the rods 33. Thus the outer sleeves 16 of cylinders A and D and the inner sleeves 17 of eylindere` B and C are reciprncated cireurriferentially by The red :32

sleeves 17 ef cylinders A and. l) 'and the einer sleeves 16 of cylinders B and C are rimini-w cated eireuniferentially in the.' naine manner by the rod 53. Since the eraiili: :i1-in 47 is 90 ahead of the Crunk arm 4.6, the red 53 cuniu pletes a movement in either dii-ef'tion at the time the rod. 52 is at the eegier ef its .nievement in such direction. The innvements e1' these two rods are simple harmonie motions by reason of the .manner ef their- 4conne: -tien with the cranks 47 and 46.

The arrangement of the paris for the Various cylinders at different paris in ihe eyehi 0f operation is evident frein Figs. 8 to 10 iiif elusive. In the position shown in ligf, the

piston of cylinder A is at the beginning 0f its exhaust stroke, that: ef cylinder B aty the beginning of its intnlie stroke, that of cylinder C zitthe beginning of iis ex` plosion stroke, and that ef cylinder D at the begiiniing of its cenipresinii stmke. l/Vhen theY crank shaft .'20 has ineved mi, ai' the shafts 44 and 45 have inmrd 45". heynntl such position, the lparte: willhe in the pesi tion shown in Fig. 4, at; which time the. i" will be in the middle nf the .strokes of which the be inning was shewn in Fig. 3. llere the ex must perfs (if llie cylinder A and the I intake ports of eylinder B are fully open. and the rod 53 is in its extreme right hand l position. `When the crank sha l't 20 has again 1 advanced JOC fart-her, the parte' reach the;

position shown in Fig. 5, thus etnnpleting y the strokes severally began in the lie-'nien l shown in Fig.n 3 and heilig ready te vein` z menue the respective succeeding srnhes. ln other werds, the pieten of cylinder Ain nun' l about to begin the intake sti-miie, this? olii Qcylinder B the compression filmke, that el l cylinder C the exliansi eiele, and ilmini' cylinder I) the exploeien sti-ehe. When the crank shaft 2O has again advanced 90 fai l ther, the pui-ts reach the pnsiiien shown in Fig. 6, er the middle of the strekes rennetively begun in the position ,shown in Fig. 5. Here the exhaust, ports nf rylindei l and .the intake ports nf cylinder are fnlly npen, and the rod 52 is in its extreme right hand position. Thezae strokes are rempli-ted when the crank sliafiy 2U has advanced still annlliei bringing the parte te the pnsitien shown in Fig. 7; ai. which time, the pinten ef eylin* der A is alient to begin the emnpren'sienstroke, that of cylinder il the explusienll strulfe, that, nl' cylinder C the intake stmke, and that (if cylinder D the exhanw! `atrnke.

Another 90 advanee of the Prank shalt 2i) brings these strokes te their middle paeiiinn, l as shown iii Fig. 8, where the exhaust ports i :shawn in Vig. il.

' apen he puikl of ille cylinders Sneees:-:i\'ely.

ained ainllnzi te bring ille partey m the pwilien limyn iii Fig'. lt). where the exhansl. pui-Ys 0l' fli'aief B and the infniie perm of eilzaler l? :iw fully' open, ami iin red lf2 i in it exwnif; left hund pnnlinn': anfl will ive rf plv-wl when sneh @rank shalt .has :nl'faiifgfw Olir 90' t0 iii'infI the part# ;Y the pm s t elimini-ing the rz The niierutiini nl in' numiilifpari ii. steady une, witlmnt x'izihfizt iais ery-nr in the pini value type Lit ei operaiien piaelifnlly wiilinnl in. fTOm the exphiifin i;-el. l'lie ngafraiwi: li' the alec-rea is lmitiie se si ilfif lunaire and exhaust 'singin and lenti nwfiiiaiely :i: iii preper inminente.

lVhile I have deserilied wy inrenflnn .in applied to n four freie inleriiai emiilinsiieii engine it` is nur, liinil'aflfe lhat'i'ier if en gine. lint may be :'ipiiiied, hy ifm-nin;I rhanggee in the relation (if ihr; gva/:s :tn-Ll iin perla, tu ether types.: if internal eenihnston engine-f, as well as l other :han internas'. "einngniinn engines. The invention i alim efqriliie if eeinideralile iilmlileelien i'i .ieiaii. ai'f l' aini t0 rever all infrdilieeifnfw whieli met within the piiii :ni/l .si-elw ei" in; intein mi: as Het ferll in ihe ivlhiwli rlaiins.

1what l slain: asi new iff:

t. An invernal geminis im, einffine liu, nime than iwi f yil'A y, a ,.ilzrzillv ei slm-MN -niwentilmliy lininnieti il. 'ihr ffazfiin; if emi: rylimler. said (faxing and nie-ewes he ing! lnwn'ileii willi inil and affanni init-g a plnn Iii eaeli "tlirnlei'. a L :nini .ai-.afl 'fui' all tlv; 'iwttiiis'. ifnl i-zfn 12ms iiai'nieni cally reriproeiiled ieni enen shaft si) that eatli rwl is 1:li,-`la ntiaily :ii one ml vf ii@ iiniveinrynt when the other rml iat the renter nl' ilaI nuiwinenl. eaeh ei' iaifl iwal# living cunnwiell lr; a sleeve mi' @-:ieli ifilnnlei' in i'eeilnwaie ani-li eleevro vii-enh;l'rientially hi L. ,\ii internal eiiini ,i\ai engine having nim-e ilian ."im eylunlerrf. :i [ilni'aliti' et Sleeves; :'uiieeni'rif-alli' nnniniml in il.

Loa-)exim te so that each 'roti is miastnntiially :it one enti of its movement when thcothermoii is :it the center 'of its moyemcn t, cach of @saliti rofis being-connected to a Steeve of each cylinder to reciprocate `snchsleews 'to open the ports o'f the cylinders sn'eoesstive'ly.

3. An 'internal comlmstion engine having more than two cylinders, each cylinder oom- 'prising a casing und 'two concentric sleeves circumerentinlly reci able in said casing, said casing and secves being provided with copera'tng rts, and oom'espondng ports in corresfmn ing sleeves being of Substantially the same size, a crank shaft, and a pair of rods reciproca-tingly driven harmonicall'y from such crank shaft with twice the period of the latter anfi so that -cn'ch rod is substantially at one end o'f-its movement when the other rod at tho cont/er of its movement, each of said rods being oonnootd to one sleeve associated with euch cyqlinder and the rods copcrating with the slccves to open the ports of the vn'rimfis cylinders succesively.

4. An internal combustion engine having more 'than two cylinders, @zich cylinder comprising n casing and two concentric sleeves reciproclrble in said casing, said easing and sleeves being provided with. copcrating ports, a crank shaft, and :i pair of rods reciprocatingly driven lmrmonioully from such crank shaft with 'twice the period of the latter and so lthat each rod is subst-an tially at one end of its movement when the other rod is nt ihe center `ol" its movement. ozu-h of smid rods being connected to one Sleeve ansooiatel with each cylinfif-r and 'the rods copcratin-g with timx sleeves to open the ports of the various cylinders miccossivcly.

5. An intornnlf` combustion engin(l having more than two cylinders, each Cylinder Oomprising a casing and two conooniic slum/'e5 circumforcntialiy reiprornble in .amid rasing. Said mining sind Slccvvs living provided with copffrntogg iorls. and mrresponding ports in oorrosponzliing slow/cs being of suhstnntinlly the same size, a crank shaft, and a pair of ros rooiproontingly drivcn harmonirally from such crank shaft so that each ro is substantially :it one end of its movement when the other rod is at. the new ter of its movement, emh of sniil rods boing connected to-one $lccvo associated with cmh c liniier and the rods cooperating with thv s oevcs to open the porti,l of the various cyiinders successively.

(5. An internal combustion engine having more than two cylinders, y@sich oylinilcr coni. prising a casing and two concentric sleeves rcciprooalile in sairl (fusing, mid @uh-ing and sleeves boing provided with ffif'ipcrnting ports, n rrfxnk giunti7 nini n poil' of roiis nu cipronuingly drivcn limmonimil-ly from such @rank I#lisait so that finch roii ie #uhh-hintially at one ond of its movement,- when the l of whifh iiis within noch www; ,wifi

o'flior rod iis: it iin convo' o itc n of f, no:

VIM

l rolilwcoig'nirle "with the ports of tho i'nrions o viinz 7. An engine having ,moril Q i'nflcrs, loooh ryiimtcr conirni@1 .Y nll n Sleeve oirounifereniiiilly therein, such slee/vee :imi casing: w opera-ting intake and @Xi-munt ports responding ports in jthe variousy si I imgr of the same simyo crank shut# connor-ted in common to 'the pistons of all ihr ryiin fi and a rod reciprooiitingly irivcn linfmon ozilly from such oi'ank shaft :iwi f'oonf-cteti to n sleeve of each cylinder ot the ff' move nimh sr-leeics to prwiow'- mi opening of the ports of i he .'zu'iowy yinz fin ori-gine having moro than y o fiere.. 0in-,li rylinfflor comprising :i sown fifi a Rivero rociproczihlr therein. moli @fn/wiwi ami (innings hating?, coperniing intakt :imi minimi. ports and Corrcspomliog; giov-tx in the various Sleeves@ bring' of tho :nimo nil/ju si, crunk Shaft oonnvotcd in fwmnrrn to in? grfitoni of all the iltj'linfiers., nml si mii w" catingly driven mu'monioally from suon crank y@haft .fm-fl connected ro n 'fiori/o ot im cylinder of the origine to more .wf-h nico-rn to prorinoe Surcvssivo opening of if@ it of the vzirioii's cyiiziflero,

9. ninlti-cyiimier internal coiiviimszion engine, each cylinder coinpriising n oiifiingf,l two (eircomferentiirlly 'rcoiprfwihle formontrio slicyen thc onter oi' ryliivis tite; within mmh casing' sind the inner of whirh ha in the ontvr., Finali reicovis :iwi @swig irovidei with cmixsriiting iwu'iw 1 n imust ports, :imi i pinion siiilisfgy owing Within 'the inner Momo, n summon Shaft `for all the ryiindors, two mim' monionlly rcciprovnti-d hy smi:- -rifff-` s si half thc speed of 'For linitor., :mit tions between mmh of miti roti@ emi Uw ontw siervos oi' loss than nil the cyiinfiifiti; omi the iorwr sleeves of thv, rcimlining vyiimifrs.

ifiK A mnlti-ovlimivr internal coininivaio'n engine, with oyiinllcr comprising n voiding', in o revipror-ahie concentricA siervo; outer of which fits within such oasiing sind the inrrvr of which fits Within the outer. soria sleeves and Casing being provi/lofi with no. operating lintuire. anni @xhinrxt ports, .'m :i pinion sliflingly fitting: within he inner Qloevo. n comin-ni crank Shaft tor 'iii the ryiimiors, two roda rooiprooate-d oy such crunk shaft at half tho speed of ihre liitei" and vonnofftions between euch of #nini rofis and tho` outer nieuwe of logs thm: all tre oyliniivrs limi the inner ricorre: oi im ri- 1.5m innining cylinrlorri,

Miti

' ing, a pair 4end of the other sleeve.

nefzesees,

head, forming an annular space between the head and the body of the cylinder eas-- of concentric valve sleeves one of which lits around the other and within the cylinder casing, the end' of one of said sleeves 'projecting into said'nnnular space and having an annular flange extending over the end of the other, und the flanged end of such flanged sleeye engaging the end of .such annuler space, and suoli iienge engegsleeve by rnstoing the end of the other fitting Within the eoncel surfaces, e piston inner/sleeve7 and menne driven from sncn piston for reciprocatingsid sleeves cir* cumferentially.

521. An internal combustion engine coinn prising e cylinder en lng hei-*ing a, depressed heed; forming an annular Space, between the head and the 'body of the cylinder easing, a pair of concentric valve sleeves one/of which fits around thcotlier and within thel cylinder casing, the end of' one of said sleeves projecting into 'Seid nnnnlar space and having an .annular flange extending over .the end of the other, and the flanged end of such flanged sleeve engagin the end of such annular space, :ind such ien je ern gaging the end of the other sleeve by mslm conical surfaces, a vpieton tilting Within the inner sleeve, and means driven from such piston for reciprocating said sleeves circlimi'ferentially.I with twice the period ofthe piston, the reciproenion of one sleeve being ont of phase with that of the other.

'22.An internal combustion engine comrisingz :ieylinder casing having a depressed eed', forming annnnnlnr space between tinel head and the body of the cylinder easing* a pair of concentric valve lsleeves one of which lits around tlieother and within the cylinder casing, the endof the inner sleeve rejecting into seid 'annuler space and nerlng en] annuler flange extending over the end .of the other, and the flanged end of such 'flanged sleeve engaging' the end of such nnand such flange engaging the by' *rustofconicnl snrfncel," a pistonfttin'g wit-hinv the inner sleeve,'a'nd'n 1eans driven from such piston for reciprocating said sleeveseircumferen tially. v Y l' 23.' An 'internal combustion engine coinrising acylinder casing having a depressed liead,"forming an annular space between the head and the body of thev cylinder easing, s; pair of concentric" valve sleeves one of which fits ajrou'nd the other 'and Within the blinder casing, vthe end of one of said VJeeves projecting into said annular speee and ,having an annuler ilange extending over the end of the other, and the flanged end of such flanged sleeve engaging the end of such annuler spiace; and such flange milar space,

Vton fr "of 'which engaging frustoeonieel Within the inner fier,

ingly pre miler Space n ing "l Y der., y

cyln

ingl am {getlier f my hand end` el: lncliermpelifn indiane,

this 5th ley of elnnery, l), one inensand nine hundred and twelve. 

